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Dissociation can be interpreted as an "emergency defense," or a "shut off mechanism."[6] According to Allen and Smith,[6] it is understood as an attempt by the individual to "prevent overwhelming flooding of consciousness at the time of trauma." It is argued that the individual subconsciously cannot tolerate being present emotionally during the trauma but cannot control the situation, and therefore protects him- or herself from experiencing it in the moment via dissociation.
Once the individual has learned to dissociate in the context of trauma, he or she may subsequently transfer this response to other situations and it may be repeated thereafter arbitrarily in a wide variety of circumstances. The dissociation therefore "destabilizes adaptation and becomes pathological."[6] It is important for the psychiatrist to accurately diagnose DDs and also to place the symptoms in perspective with regard to trauma history.
