Imre Lakatos Quotes

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Philosophy of science without history of science is empty; history of science without philosophy of science is blind.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: Philosophy of science without history
No experimental result can ever kill a theory: any theory can be saved from counterinstances either by some auxiliary hypothesis or by a suitable reinterpretation of its terms.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: No experimental result can ever
Blind commitment to a theory is not an intellectual virtue: it is an intellectual crime.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: Blind commitment to a theory
One may rationally stick to a degenerating research programme until it is overtaken by a rival and even after. What one must not do is to deny its poor public record ... It is perfectly rational to play a risky game: what is irrational is to deceive oneself about the risk.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: One may rationally stick to
What, then, is the hallmark of science? Do we have to capitulate and agree that a scientific revolution is just an irrational change in commit­ment, that it is a religious conversion? Tom Kuhn, a distinguished Amer­ican philosopher of science, arrived at this conclusion after discovering the naivety of Popper's falsificationism. But if Kuhn is right, then there is no explicit demarcation between science and pseudoscience, no distinc­tion between scientific progress and intellectual decay, there is no objec­tive standard of honesty. But what criteria can he then offer to demarcate scientific progress from intellectual degeneration?
Imre Lakatos Quotes: What, then, is the hallmark
That sometimes clear ... and sometimes vague stuff ... which is ... mathematics.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: That sometimes clear ... and
The proving power of the intellect or the senses was questioned by the skeptics more than two thousand years ago; but they were browbeaten into confusion by the glory of Newtonian physics.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: The proving power of the
The great scientific achievements are research programmes which can be evaluated in terms of progressive and degenerative problemshifts; and scientific revolutions consist of one research programme superceding (overtaking in progress) another. This methodology offers a new rational reconstruction of science.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: The great scientific achievements are
Intellectual honesty consists in stating the precise conditions under which one will give up one's belief.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: Intellectual honesty consists in stating
It is not that we propose a theory and Nature may shout NO; rather, we propose a maze of theories, and Nature may shout INCONSISTENT.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: It is not that we
The positive heuristic of the programme saves the scientist from becoming confused by the ocean of anomalies.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: The positive heuristic of the
Einstein's results again turned the tables and now very few philosophers or scientists still think that scientific knowledge is, or can be, proven knowledge.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: Einstein's results again turned the
Research programmes, besides their negative heuristic, are also characterized by their positive heuristic.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: Research programmes, besides their negative
Belief may be a regrettably unavoidable biological weakness to be kept under the control of criticism: but commitment is for Popper an outright crime.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: Belief may be a regrettably
One can today easily demonstrate that there can be no valid derivation of a law of nature from any finite number of facts; but we still keep reading about scientific theories being proved from facts. Why this stubborn resistance to elementary logic?
Imre Lakatos Quotes: One can today easily demonstrate
It would be wrong to assume that one must stay with a research programme until it has exhausted all its heuristic power, that one must not introduce a rival programme before everybody agrees that the point of degeneration has probably been reached.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: It would be wrong to
[T]he problem of demarcation between science and pseudoscience is not a pseudo-problem of armchair philosophers: it has grave ethical and political implications.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: [T]he problem of demarcation between
If even in science there is no a way of judging a theory but by assessing the number, faith and vocal energy of its supporters, then this must be even more so in the social sciences: truth lies in power.
Imre Lakatos Quotes: If even in science there
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